Remote control apparatus for machine tools



Oct; 8, 1946. R. A. SCHAFER ETA L 2,403,957

REXOTB CONTROL APPARATUS FOR CHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 1 "2552 f; n M

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REMOTE CONTROL APPARQTUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15-Sheet -Sheet'2 Oct. 8,1M. R. A. SCHAFER ErAl. 2,408,957

' I REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR CHINE TOOLS I Filed Jan. 15 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 15. 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 @v ,uinmli W I i M w Oct. 8, 1946.

R. A. SCHAFER EI'AL REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR momma TOOLS 15 Sheets-Sheet 5' Filed Jan. 15, 1944 QZQs:

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RE IOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 8, 1946. R. A. SCHAFER ETAL 2,403,957

v REIOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet? Mpg/06 ,Asa 7/ 9 52/ ,946. R. A. SCHAFER EI'AL 2,408,957

' REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE 'I'OQLS Filed Jan, 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Shoat 8 R. A, SCHAFER ETAL REIOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets -Sheet 9 5644/1 wag J M Oct; 8, 1946. R. A. SCHAFER EI'AL 2 0 7 REMOTE comm}; APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jam; 15, 1 15 Sheets-Shut 11- Get. 8, 1946. R. A'. SCHAFER EI'AL 2,403,957

REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 13 Oct. 8, 1946. R. A. SCHAFER EI'AL 0 REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 511991295119811 l4 mzzgymnul 4 27s v S 244.?

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R. A. SCHAFER ETAL REMOTE CONTROL APPARATUS FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed Jan. 15, 1944 15 Sheets-Sheet 15 Patented Oct 8, 1946 CHINIJTQOLS ltobertA. Schafer and RalphBBodaLBichmond,

Ind., assignors Company, Inc., of Indiana to National Automatic Tool Richmond, 1nd., a corporation Application January 15, 1944,8erlal No. 518,366

. 12 Claims. 1

Our invention relates generally to remotaicolh trol apparatus for machine tools, and more particularly to combined electrical and hydraulic controls usable in conjunction with machine tools to cause them to operate through cycles of predetermined or selected character.

In the control of machine tool cycles by means of a directional valve which in turn controls the admission and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the actuating cylinder of the tool, it is desirable to initiate the control functions by means of electrical circuits and apparatus because of their greater flexibility, higher speed of operation, and because the control stations may be remotely positioned with respect to the hydraulic controls.

However, the hydraulic controls generally comprise closely fitting valves, such as the directional valve, which require considerable power for their operation, and it is therefore notfeasible, in general, to apply the necessary actuating forces to the directional valve by electrical means.

It is therefore one of the primary objects of our invention to provide an improved control apparatus for machine tools, which combines the reliability and ruggedness of the hydraulic control with the flexibility of electrical control ap- Fig. 4 is a side eievational view of the assembly showninFig.3;

Fig.5 is an enlarged side elevational view of the hydraulic control panel;

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the hydraulic control panel assembly;

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the hydraulic control panel assembly, taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional'view, in part diagrammatic, taken through the axis of the positioning motor,

substantially on the line 0-8 of F18. 6;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged plan view of the positioning motor assembly;

paratus, thereby to obtain an improved remotely controlled machine tool.

A further object is to provide an improved solenoid controlled positioning motor arranged, through a servo valve mechanism, 'to control the position of the directional valve.

A furtherobject is to provide an improved electroinagnetically controlled positioning motor.

A further object is to provide an improved control apparatus for machine tools, in which the apparatus may readily be set to effect a predeter mined operating cycle, or in which the apparatus may be manually controlled from a remote sta-- tion.

A further object is to provide an improved combined electrical and hydraulic control apparatus which is very flexible and reliable, and which may be manually controlled from a remote station.

Other objects will appear from the followin description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which v a Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a vertical drill press embodying the improved remote control apparatus of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view thereof; Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the hydraulic reservoir, hydraulic control panel, and electric motor driven pump assembly;

Fig. 10 is a side elevational view of the positioning motor assembly, as viewed along the line lO-liiofFis. 7;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view, in part schematic, through the control panel, showing the governor and the adjustable aperture coarse and fine feed valves;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view through the control panel, showing the low pressure and high pre8- sure relief valves, and the low to high pressure oil transfer check valve; Figs. 13, 14, and 15 are sectional views through the servo valve, taken on the lines I 3-43, |d- -ll, and "-15, respectively, of Fig. 17;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary detail showing the connection between the positioning valve gear shaft and the servo valve; 4

Fig. 17 isa sectional view through the control panel, taken through the center .of the servo valve mechanism;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the various portions of the hydraulic control system; and

Fig. 19 is a schematic wiring diagram of the electrical control circuits.

General description Our invention is illustrated as applied to a hydraulically operated vertical drill press which.

as shown in Figs; 1 and 2, comprises a vertical column 20 suitably secured to a base 22, which, as is customary, is bolted to the floor or foundation. A suitably counterbalanced tool carrying head 24 is traversable on ways 28-integral with the column 20. An adjustable knee 28 comprises a work table 32 upon which a work piece 34 may be secured in the usual manner. Above the head N is a casing 25 for suitable change speed gear,

ing which may be adjusted by a control arm 38. One or more tool carrying spindles '38 are secured to the head 24 by one or more adjustable arms gearing and through gearing and universal joint connections contained within the head 24..

An actuating piston rod has its upper end secured to the head 24 by abracket 48 and has a piston 48 at its lower end, this piston being reciprocable in a hydraulic actuating cylinder 48 which is rigidly secured to the inside of the column 20. A housing ll, containing limit switches, is mounted on the upper right-hand side of the column 20. These limit switches are provided with operating arms 32 carrying rollers I4 cooperable with dogs 58 adjustabiy secured to a bracket 58, the bracket being carried by the head 24. The rollers I4 of the limit switches lie in different planes, as do the dogs It. so that each one of the limit switches may be controlled by a particular one of the dogs.

A push button station,comprising a panel 60, is suitably supported by an electrical conduit 6| which is secured to the base 22, the panel having nine push buttons 62 to "Ill, inclusive, located for convenient accessibility by the machine operator. The machine cycles are controlled by these push button and by the limit switches operated by the arms 52.

The electrical control circuits operate throuih an intermediate hydraulic traverse control unit contained in a reservoir I2, which is secured to the base 22 .by bolts 14. This unit includes an electric motor It driving a high pressure low volume pump it and a low pressure high volume pump II through a flexible coupling 82, these pumps being located below the level of the oil within the reservoir 12, and having their outlets connected by suitable conduits to a valve body II. The inlets of these pumps are connected by suitable conduits with strainers 8 located near 40 thebottom of the reservoir or sump. The reservoir may be drained by removal of a drain plug 82.

' An oil level gauge 90 and an oil pressure gauge II are mounted near the top of the reservoir I2. Servicing and installation of the unit is accomplished by removal of a cover 92 forming the. major portion or the rear wall of the reservoir A valve panel 84 constitutes part of the valve body II and forms a portion of the side wall of the reservoir. Upon this panel are mounted the various control valves, conveniently accessible to the machine operator.

As shown to a larger scale in Fig. 5, these controls comprise a fine feed valve adjusting nut II, a coarse feed yalve adjusting nut ll, a check valve retaining plug I00, a low pressure relief valve adjustment cap nut I I2, and a high pres- 30 377,720, to which reference may be which conductors lead to the push button panel ll and to the other electrical parts of the machine tool. The valve bodies 25 and H2 are preferably enclosed in a perforated sheet metal housing I2lsecuredtothebodyll.

In general, the machine cycle is controlled by the push buttons and limit switches operat ng upon the solenoid III to H2. these solenoids controlling the position taken by a positioning 10 motor "I (Fig. 18) and the positioning motor operating the directional valve I34 through a servo valve Ill.

The output of the low pressure pump 22 is controlled by a low pressure relief valve mechanism I8! and a check valve mechanism I40, while the output of the high pressure pump II is controlled by a high pressurerelief valve mechanism I42. The rate of traverse of the head is controlled by the metering of the oil discharged from the lower end of the actuating cylinder 42, this metering being effected through a governor valve mechanism I 44, an adjustable coarse feed valve mechanism I, and an adjustable fine feed valve mechanism I42.

25 The valve mechanisms I24, I", III, III, I42,

I44, I46, and I4! are generally similar to the corresponding mechanisms disclosed in our copending application, Serial No. 339,476, filed June 8, 1940, which has matured into P tent No. 2,-

for most of the details of their construction and operation. As shown in Fig. 18, these valve mechanisms are connected in hydraulic circuits differing in somerespects from those shown in the aforesaid application, and such difi'erences will be hereinafter pointed out in detail.

To facilitate following the various hydraulic circuits, all passageways, conduits, ports, and the like, which are in communicati with each other that oil under pressure flows into a conduit bearing a certain reference character, it wfll be understood that oil in all part bearing that reference character, followed by am decimal fraction, will be likewise under pressure. similarly, all pessageways, etc., through which oil is at all times free to discharge to the sump or reservoir, will be followed by the letter "8," which'should be interpreted to mean, "from which the oil may flow freely to the sump.

Solenoid controlled positioning motor The solenoid controlled positioning motor In, best shown in Figs. 6, 'I, 8, 10, and i8, i supplied with oil from the low pressure pump ll through sure relief valve adjustment cap nut I04. A servo go aconduit Ill (Fig. 18). a branch IIIJ 'ofwhich 7), which are connected to plugs I24 threaded in a wall I28 of the valve body ll, these plugs insulating the circuits fromone another and from the valve body II. Suitable conductors are connected to theouter ends of the plugs I24 and are led through a hooded electrical conduit I28 extends through thevalvebody ll by passageways IBM and IIOJ, the passageway IIIJ being in registry with apassageway "4.4 in theposition- .-ing motor body II2. rrom'passageway Ill.4 oil 66 may flow through either of two branch passageways IIIJand IIIJ (Fig. 8). The passageways IIIJ and "0.8- communicate respectively with the ends of a cylinder I42, the ends of which are closed by gasketed caps I, III, through meter- 70 in: ports III, III formed in these caps. Within the cylinder I52 a positioning motor piston III is freely reciprocable, this piston having heads at th ends thereof and having a rack I formed termediate the heads. The rack Ill meshes which is connected to a junction .box I20 from w dth a pinion I02", which isnon-rotatably secured at all times, sothat irrespectiv of the phase of The piston I58 has its position determined by the operation of solenoids IIto II9. As best 8 shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the coarse feed" solenoid I I 8 has a plunger I16 which is suitably connectedto a pilot valve I18. The pilot valve I18 normally cuts of! a passageway I888 from a passageway I82 having ports I82.I and I82.2 leading into the cylinder I52. The pilot valve I18 ha a reduced diameter extension I84 to which a spring seat washer I86 is secured, a coil spring I88 being compressed between the washer I86 and a counterbored spring seat shoulder I98, thereby normally to hold the pilot valve I18 in its closed position. A similarly constructed pilotvalve I92 is operable upon energization of its fine feed? solenoid II1 to open communication between a branched passageway I94 and a passageway I96S,

the passageway I94 having port I94.I and I94.2 opening into the cylinder I52.

A similar pilot valve I98 operated by the stop" solenoid II9 is adapted to control the discharge from a branched passageway 288 to a discharge passageway 2828, the passageway 288 having ports 288.l and 288.2 leading into the cylinder I52,

A pilot valve 284 is operable by the forward solenoid M5 to control thefiow from a passageway 286, having port 286.I leading into the cylinder I52, to a discharge passageway 2I8S.

A pilot valve 2 I 2, when operated by its "reverse." solenoid I I8, opens communication between a passageway 2I4, having a port 2I4.I leading into the cylinder I52, with a discharge passageway 2I6S.

From the foregoing, it will appear that oil under 6 determined by its engagement with the cap I55, while when pilot valve 2I2 is opened, the piston I58 will move to its lower limit of stroke-determined by its engagement with the cap I54. In the somewhat diagrammatic view of Fig. 8, the various positions assumed by the pilot valve connected to gear I62 are indicated by legends cooperating with the pointer I86 shown in dotted lines.

From the foregoing, it will be clear that the servo valve I14 will assume acertain definite position, depending upon which of the solenoids I I5 to .I I8 is energized. 'I'he electrical circuits for energizing these solenoids, as will appear herematter, are so arranged that only one solenoid isenergized at a time.

' Servo valve mechanism The servo valve mechanism, as best shown in Figs. 13 to 18, comprises the servo valve I14 which operates in a complementary servo valve follower sleeve 2I8, the latter being rotatable in a closely fitting bore 228 formed in the valve body 85. The follower sleeve 2I8 has a pinion 222 formed integrally therewith meshing with a rack 224 formed on the annularlygrooved piston valve 226 low pressure is continuously supplied through the metering ports I56, I51 to th ends of the cylinder I52, and that when any one of the pilot valves I18, I92, I96, 284, or 2I2, is opened, the motor piston I56 will be moved to a position such that it substantially cuts oil the ports associated with the open pilot valve. For example, if the pilot valve I18 is opened, with the piston I58 in the position in which it i shown in Fig. 8, the oil entering the metering port I56 will exert a pressure on the adjacent head of the piston I58 to mov the latter upwardly (Fig. 8), whereas the oil passing through the metering port I51 will discharge freely through the port I82.2 and passageways I82 and I885 to the sump, However, as the piston I58 moves upwardly, it will cut oil the port I82.2 and thereafter the pressure on the opposite ends or the piston I58 will equalize and hold the piston in this position.

In the event that the piston should travel upwardly beyond the position at which it cuts off both ports I82.I and I82.2, the uncovering of port I82.I will permit a reduction in pressure at the tion in which it is shown in Fig. 8, covering both ports NH and I84.2. When the pilot valve I88 is opened, the piston I58 will be moved to a position in which it covers both ports MM and 288.2. When the pilot valve 284 is opened, the piston I58 will be moved to the upper hmit of its stroke,

of the directional valve mechanism I34. I

A flange 2I9 on the servo valve I14 has a plurality of notches 2'2I formed in its peripheryfor cooperation with a spring ball detent 223, whereby the valve is held against accidental rotation due to vibration or other minor disturbances. The indicator or pointer I86 is securedto the end of the servo valve I14 and cooperates with suitable legends on a panel face sheet 225. The'servo valve is held in place by a retainer 228 having an oil seal 233. I r I The follower sleeve 2I8 has a central external groove I58.8 and communicating ports I58. 9 (Figs. 14 and 1'1), whereby oil from the'low pressure pump 88 is continuously supplied to an annular chamber I58.I8. The right-hand end 221 (Fig. 18) of the bore 228 for the directional valve piston 226 is connected by passageway 221.I with relative movement of the servo valve I14 and'its follower sleeve 2I8, may communicate with passageways I58.I I or passageways 23 IS which communicate with a central bore 2328 through suitable ports, depending upon the direction of'rel- I ative rotation.

In a similar manner (Fig. 18), the left-hand end 234 of the directional valve cylinder 228 communicates through passageway 234.I with annular groove 234.2. As best shown in Figs. 15 and 17, the follower sleeve 2I8 has a pair of ports' 234.3, which upon relative movement of the sleeve and servo valve I14, are adapted to communicate either with passageways I58. I 2 or with spaces 2368 which communicate freely with the cen-;

tral passageway 2328, depending upon the direction of relative rotation. Passageways I58.II'

and I58.I2 communicate with the annular chamber I58.I8.

When the positioning motor piston I58 rotates the servo valve I14 clockwise with respect to its sleeve 2I8, the ports 221.9 will communicate with the space 23IS, thus permitting oil to flow to the sump from the space 221 at the right-hand of the directional valve 226. At the same time,the spaces I58.I2 (Fig. 15) are brought into communication with the ports 234.3 and thus oil unonlyuntil the ports 221.3 and 224.4 are again covered by the servo valve I14. Upon counterclockwise rotation of the servo valve I14, the sleeve 2" and the directional valve 224 are constrained to follow the movement of the servo valve in a similar manner. It will thus be seen that the servo valve mechanism I24 serves as a power amplifier to cause movement of the directional valve 224 in a direction and to an extent determined by the movement of the positioning motor piston I44.

Low pressure relief valve The discharge conduit IIII (Fig. 1.8) is connected to a passageway I50." (Fig. 12) which leads to a chamber I40. of the low pressure re lief valve mechanism I24. This mechanism is. generally similar to that disclosed in our aforesaid application, and comprise a hollow piston valve member 234 which operates against a compression coil spring 224, the upper end of which seats against a bushing 24!! threaded in the body 44. The oil under pressure is admitted to the lower end surface of the valve member 244 through a port 242. This oil under pressure is also admitted to space 244 in'the interior of the valve member 244 through a metering orifice 244.

The oil pressure within the space 244 is exerted upon, a pilot relief valve 244 held in closed position by a compression coil spring 240, the de- 8 A check valve 212, normally held closed bya spring 214 seated against a guide plug I04, is adapted to open to permit fiow of oil from the sway I44.I4, that is, from the low pressure pump, to the passageway 244 whenever the pressure'in the latter passageway drops appreciably below that in the passageway "4.", as will usually occur during the rapid forward or rapid reverse traverse portions of the operating cycle. Thus, the output of both pumps is utilized during those portions of the operating cycle which do not require high pressure in the actuating cylinder 44.

Difecfldndl valve The directional valve :20 which has been previously referred to, controls the operating cycle of the machine by determining the fiow of oil to and from the opposite ends of the actuating cylinder 44 and by rendering efiective the connection of the lower end of the actuating cylinder 44 to the governor valve I44 and to the adjustable coarse feed control valve I44, the fine feed adjustable control mechanism I 44, or the sump during the appropriate portions of the operating cycle of the machine.

The normal operating cycle of the machine is as follows: rapid forward (downward), coarse.

. feed forward, fine feed forward, rapid reverse to gree of compression of which may be varied by 244 is moved to open position to uncover its ports 244, the pressure within the space 244 is relieved and the piston valve member 244 can then move to the right (Fig. 12) to permit relief of the low pressure pump through a port 2448. The force exerted by the spring 244 is, however, sufllcient to maintain a substantialpressure in the chamber "4J4. This is necessary since the passageway Illl.4 (Fig. 8through which oil is supplied for the operation of the positioning motor) is in direct communication-with the chamber I50.I4. Thus the back pressure on the outlet of the low pressure pump is at all times maintained at a sufficiently high value to assure rapid operation of the positioning motor.

High pressure relief valve and check valve The high pressure relief valve mechanism I42 is generally similar to the low' pressure relief valve mechanism, and operates in a similar manner. The discharge of the high pressure pump 14 is supplied to a passageway 244 from which it 'fiows through ports 244.I,--and a metering port means of an adjusting screw 244 threaded in a bushing 210. The adjusting screw 244 is covered by the cap nut I44.

the original starting position, and stop; In Fig.

18, the directional valve 224 is shown in fine feed position. In this position the high pressure pump 14 feeds through conduit 244.2 to annulus 244.4 which is in free communication with 'annulus 214, which is in direct communication with the upper end of the cylinder 44 through conduit 214.l. The piston 44 is therefore forced downwardly and the oil beneath the piston is forced through passageway 214 to the governor valve mechanism '4 and hence successively through the coarse feed valve I44 and fine feed valve I 44, since the branch passageway 214.l leading to annular groove 214.2 is blocked by a land of the di-. rectional valve 224, and because the annular groove 244.2 is similarly blocked.

The directional valve 224 is similar to that dieclosed in our aforesaid application, except that it is provided with a central drilled passageway 240 which has a port 244.IB communicating with the sump through a passageway 244.28. The

outer end of the passageway 244 is plugged, while the inner end has a port 244.2 whichmay communicate with a port 244.I communicating with the space 244 through a passageway 244.2. By virtue of this hydraulic connection, the pressure in the space 244 isrelieved during the fine feed phase of the cycle of operation, thereby permitting the valve 244 to open under lower pressure, that is, whenever the pressure of the .011 delivered by the low pressure pump 44 is lufiicient to move the valve 224 against the force of its spring 244. The power required to"operate the low pressure pump is thus reduced during the fine feed operation. During other portions of the operating cycle, the port 244.I is blocked by one of'the lands of the "directional valve 224 so that the low pressure pump 44 operates against its normal pressure determined by the degree of compression of the spring 244 (Fig. 12).

governor and feed valve mechanism: 7

The governor valve mechanism I44 shown in the left or to the right (Fig. 11) by the oil pressure exerted upon its piston portion 288 in opposition to the force of a spring 290. After passing through the ports 288 the oil flows through a passageway 292 and thence through the valve port 294 of the adjustable coarse feed valve mechanism I48.

From this valve the oil discharges through a passageway 288 to the line feed adjustable aperture valve 298. The position of the coarse feed aperture valve 294 is adjusted by means of the knob 98, while the position of the fine feed-aperture valve 298 is adjusted by means of its knob 98, suitable graduations =being marked on the sheet 225 (Fig. to indicate the feed rates to which these valves are adjusted.

The oil, after flowing through the adjustable aperture of the fine feed valve aperture 298, (Fig. 11) is discharged to the sump through its central bore and passageway 3008. A passageway 298.I connects the passageway 298 with an annulus 298.2 (Fig. 18) of the directional valve, this annulus being uncovered during the. coarse feed,

so that during this portion of the cycle the aperture valve 294 provides the only restriction for the escape of oil from the lower end of the actuating cylinder 48. v

The operation of the governor valve mechanism I44 and the two adjustable aperture valve mechanisms I48 and I48 in conjunction with the operation of the directional valve229, is similar to the operation of the corresponding parts disclosed in greater detail in the aforesaid oopending application, Serial No. 339,476. The only substantial difference resides in the provision of the ports machined. To accomplish this;

- line to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 19,

ton 98, windings of relays 909 and 909, and the switches of overload relays 9I0 and 9i I, to line Ll. Energization of the relay 908 connects the pump motor and starting controls 902 to lines LI L2, and L9, the circuit to line LI including the winding of overload relay 9I0. Similarly, the

energization of relay 908 connects the head motor and starting controls 904 with lines LI, L2, and

L9, the connection to line LI being through the winding of overload relay 9i I.- The energization of these relays 808 and 908, through closure of switches 3I2- and 9I3, also completes a holding circuit for these relays; this holding circuit including the stop switch 85, so that whenever the stop switch is operated, the relays 908' and 908 will be deenergized and the current supply to the pump and head motors cut off.

In setting up the machine, manual operation will ordinarily be required to enable the operator to make the adjustments of the positions of the dogs 58 to accord with the piece of work to be the operator shifts the manual control switch 88 from the full thereby closing switch M4 and opening switch 9I8. Closure of switch 9" connects conductor M8 to the line L9 and thereby energizes control relayCR2, the latter thereby opening switches 9I8 to 329. The opening of these switches effectively disables theautomatic control. circuits and prevents power from th manual control cir- 280.9. 280s, and 280.IS in the directional valve 228 which connect the pilot valve chamber 244 of the low pressure relief valve to the sump during the coarse and fine feed positions. The directional valve 228 differs slightly also in that it is arranged to block the port. 244.I when the valve is in stop position. I

- Elect rica l' control circuits and operation It has previously been pointed out how the operation of the positioning valve, through the pilot valve mechanism, controls the position of the directional valve. If it were not for the substantial force required for shifting the directicnal valve, the latter could have been mechanically operated by the positioning motor. The automatic cycle, as well as the manual control of the machine tool head, is determined initially by the electrical controls'and circuits shown in Fig. 19.

In Fig. 19, the solenoid iii to H8 are represented as coils bearingcorresponding reference characters. The purpose of the electrical control circuits is to cause energization of these solenoids in a predetermined sequence for the automatic cycle, and to permit individual energization of these solenoids when the motion -of the head is to be manually controlled.

The pump motor and starting controls are indicated by a block 302, while the head motor and its starting controls are indicated by a block 994. Energizing current for these motors and their controls is provided through line conductors LI, L2, and L3. To start these motors for either an automatic operation or a 'manualoperation, the start push button 82 is depressed. This operation dition of these four'push cuits feeding back to the automatic control circuits. The relay CR2 will remain energized as longa the switch 88 is in manual position.

When the machine is thus conditioned for manual operation, the operator can' jog the head in rapid forward,.coarse feed, fine feed,

or rapid traverse by,.depressing the desired manual control push buttons 88, 81, I0, or 94.

When none of'these' push buttons is depressed,

a series circuit, including all of these push buttons in their upper (Fig. 19) positions, and a conductor 924, is completed to energize the stop solenoid II8.- Since buttons, the stop solenoid I I9 will normally be energized whene er the switch 99 is moved to manual control position. The directional valve 229 is therefore maintained in stop position.

When, for example, the operator depresse the with the positioning J as long as the push button forward push button 89, a circuit from conductor 9I8 to line Li is completed through aconductor 929 and forward solenoid II8. This solenoid, through energization of its pilot valve associated motor I92, will operate through the servo valve mechanism I99 to move the'directional valve 228 to forward" position. The head will continue in rapid forward traverse 89 is held depressed. when this push button is released, the circuit through the stop solenoid I I8 is immediately completed, this resulting in the'shifting of the directional valve 228 fromits rapid forward to its stop position. The depression of the push buttons 91, I0, and 94 will, in a similar manner, cause connects line L9 witha jumper connection 909 and completes a circuit through stop push butply of current to the conductor 929 being effecthis is the normal con-' 9 I 4 to disconnect 

